Posts Tagged ‘acute pain’

Can Medical Marijuana Help Chronic Pain?

June 8th, 2010
Jennifer Jacobsen asked:




Chronic pain has reached epidemic proportions in this country. Chronic pain is often defined as pain that lasts three months or longer. Although it’s more common in older adults, anyone can experience it. Approximately 50 million people suffer from chronic pain, and another 25 million suffer from acute pain caused by surgery and accidents.

One of the main problems with chronic pain is under treatment. According to the National Chronic Pain Outreach Association, seven million cannot relieve their pain without opiate medications, and yet, only 4,000 doctors were willing to prescribe it. Because of negative publicity, erroneous views about addiction, or the Drug Enforcement Agency’s (DEA) scrutiny, doctors are afraid of losing their license. Even if you can find a doctor to prescribe opiods, since tolerance can occur over time, many doctors will not prescribe an adequate dosage to combat the pain. Tragically, living with intractable pain can lead to depression, and depression can lead to suicide.

Although I don’t advocate the use of marijuana for recreational use, it has been found beneficial in the treatment of chronic pain. In addition to it’s analgesic effects, it is an anti-inflammatory, and it can work synergystically with opiod medications. Unfortunately, although opiod medications are effective in treating the pain in the beginning, over time a tolerance can develop, and they don’t work as well. Furthermore, research has shown except for the potential damage to the lungs, it is safer than many of the legal drugs used for pain. On the basis of animal models, there is no known case of legal overdose.

Not only can marijuana treat effectively treat pain, it can also treat the nausea associated with opiod medication usage. Unlike Marinol, a synthetic form of marijuana, inhaled marijuana usually offers immediate relief because it is absorbed into the blood at a faster rate, and it contains more cabbinoids than Marinol. Furthermore, it causes less side-effects than Marinol.

Unfortunately, until recently, the United State’s government has had outdated views on marijuana. Classed a Schedule I drug, it has been illegal and considered a dangerous drug with no medical value. However, slowly, viewpoints are changing. Unfortunately, although medical marijuana is a viable alternative in the treatment of chronic pain, even if it were legalized nationwide, there would still be the biased attitudes to overcome just like with the opiates.

In 2008, medical marijuana usuage and cultivation under a doctor’s recommendation was legal in thirteen states. Furthermore, in October of 2009, the Obama Administration issued new guidelines that medical marijuana patients should not be arrested or prosecuted as long as they or their caregivers are in compliance with state laws.

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How Does Tramadol Suppress Pain?

December 24th, 2009

Tramadol is an innovative and atypical analgesic. It is a centrally effective drug which is used for treating moderate to acute pain. Tramadol is a synthetic agent, 4-phenyl-piperidine analogue of codeine. It has actions on the GABAergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic systems. This drug was made by a German pharmaceutical company and was marketed under the name of Tramal. Later on this drug was licensed to many other companies across the world who markets it under various names. This drug is generally sold or marketed under the name hydrochloride salt or tramadol hydrochloride. Tramadol is available in an injection and oral medication formulations. Tramadol is not a controlled drug in most countries and can be easily bought by normal prescription.

Pain can be traumatizing at times. Burning or shooting sensations are regular pain forms but there are also neuropathic pains which can be worse and is caused due to diseases of the peripheral nervous system. Tramadol is considered to be a unique drug which kills pain but has mild opiate properties. It is generally considered that between 100gms to 400gms of Tramadol can effectively cure pain and provide immediate relief. However slight side effects may be experienced in extreme cases like nausea, sedation and dry mouth. However these side effects, if they occur, are very short lived. Once the treatment and medicine is stopped these side effects fade away too.

Tramadol works through modulation of the GABAergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic systems. It also has mild agonism of the µ-opioid receptor. Non-opioid activity contributes by showing the analgesic effects of tramadol. However this cannot be totally antagonised by the µ-opioid receptor antagonist naloxone. Tramadol has serotonergic modulating properties which mean that it has the capacity to interact with other serotonergic agents. But the risk factor increases when tramadol is taken in combination with serotonin reuptake inhibitors. It may result in serotonin syndrome. This happens because agents potentate the effect of 5-HT in addition to inhibiting tramadol metabolism. These antagonist effects make Tramadol a potential applicant for people in neuropathic pain states.

What all of that means is that Tramadol is basically a pain reliever. It works by simply affecting the chemicals and receptors in the body which are associated with pain. Therefore the pain in the body is reduced. It can treat moderate to moderately severe pain.

Tramadol can also be used for other purposes, since tramadol has nonopioid analgesic it can be used for recreational purposes also. Through agonism of appropiate receptors Tramadol produce affects similar opioids. The effect is not nearly as intense because it has much lower affinity for the receptor.

Tramadol can be taken in several doses as prescribed by the doctor. The number of doses are given according to the pain. It is advisable not to drive after taking this medicine as slight dizziness or drowsiness may be caused due to intake of the drug. Alcohol should be avoided while taking tramadol as it can cause a dangerous decrease in breathing and may lead to liver problems also.



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Pain Management Programs

December 2nd, 2009

Most of us who have had to see a loved one or friend spend many an agonizing hour in the hospital would agree that no patient deserves to suffer from pain, especially from chronic pain. Whether chronic or acute, pain is something which distresses those afflicted by it, often interfering in their daily activities and ruining their sleep. Pain management programs incorporate several modalities used in tandem with one another and ranging from massages to the surgical insertion of electrotherapy devices.

Pain management programs are used in the treatment of a multiplicity of pain types including:

•    Back pain

•    Neck pain

•    Myofacial pain

•    Cancer pain

•    Neuropathic pain

•    Headaches

•    Pain that follows a surgery

•    Pediatric pain

Pain management programs are directed at enhancing the physical, social and psychological functioning of the individual. A patient should be wise in selecting the right program from the right pain management clinic to get maximum benefit. The first step in selecting a suitable program is finding a suitable clinic in close proximity to your home and which has a separate, specialized pain management section. The section should include such medical professionals as neurologists, psychiatrists, anesthesiologists, physical therapists, and nurses; and these professionals should be well-versed in the pain management techniques. The program should also offer features such as counseling for both the patient and his family, facilities for exercise training, and follow-up services. 

The techniques used in pain management programs can be non-invasive or invasive. Common among the non-invasive methods of managing pain are manual methods (like osteopathy and chiropractics), exercise, use of narcotic medications and analgesics, electrotherapy and cognitive therapy. Invasive methods include radiofrequency radio ablations, prolotherapy, and medications.

Pain management programs offered by competent pain management clinics focus on personalized care. Once the program has started, the progress made by the patient is reviewed at intervals and changes are made if necessary, to the program of care. The reality is that a particular pain management program may sometimes initially not work for a patient. Though results can’t be expected overnight, once the patient has found himself the right approach, the road to recovery wouldn’t be too far off.



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